1850–1859

1852 CE

#1323

Experimenteller Beweis, dass der Nervus sympathicus aus dem Rückenmark entspringt.

1852 CE

#440

Geschichte und Bibliographie der anatomischen Abbildung.

In this classic work Choulant traced the evolution of anatomical illustration from the early schematic plates up to his own time, including a valuable bibliography. Reprinted, Wiesbaden, 1974. An English translation b…

1852 CE

#13853

Guide pratique aux eaux minérales de France, de Belgique, d'Allemagne, de Suisse, de Savoie, d'Italie et aux bains de mer. 2nd ed.

Digital facsimile of the third edition (1855) from BnF Gallica at this link.

1852 CE

#546

Handbuch der Gewebelehre des Menschen.

Isolation of smooth muscle.

1852 CE

#1320

Influence du grand sympathique sur la sensibilité et sur la calorification.

Bernard discovered the existence of vasomotor nerves.

1852 CE

#4970

Medicinische Psychologie, oder Physiologie der Seele.

Lotze was a pioneer in the investigation of unconscious and subconscious states.

1852 CE

#7451

Narrative of the voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake, commanded by the late Captain Owen Stanley ...during the years 1846-1850, including discoveries and surveys in New Guinea, the Louisiade Archipelago, etc. to which is added the account of Mr. E. B. Kennedy's Expedition for the exploration of the Cape York Peninsula. 2 vols.

Macgillivray was naturalist to the expedition. Thomas Huxley served as assistant surgeon on this voyage; Huxley's diary of the voyage was first published posthumously in 1935. See No. 7449. Digital facsimile of MacGil…

1852 CE

#867

Neue Methode der quantitativen mikroskopischen Analyse des Blutes.

Vierordt was the first to devise an exact method of enumerating the red blood corpuscles. See also his later paper: Zählungen der Blutkörperchen des Menschen, in the same volume, pp. 326-31.

1852 CE

#1861.1

New formation of salicylic acid.

Synthesis of salicylic acid.

1852 CE

#4328

Nieuwe wijze van aanwending van het gips-verband bij beenbreuken. Eene bijdrage tot de militaire chirurgie.

Introduction of the modern plaster of Paris bandage. Two different French translations of the above work were published in journals in 1852-53. In 1854 Mathijsen published two separate expanded French versions, of whi…

1852 CE

#5867

Observations on artificial pupil, with a description of a new method of operating in certain cases.

Bowman devised an operation for the formation of an artificial pupil.

1852 CE

#2615

Om epithelioma, en særegen Svulst, som man hidtil i Almindelighed har anseet for Kræft.

Hannover coined the word “epithelioma.” He did not recognize its malignant character but maintained that metastases were produced by cancer cells arriving by way of the blood stream. Translated into German…

1852 CE

#4734.1

On granular and fatty degeneration of the voluntary muscles.

“Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy” (No. 4739) described.

1852 CE

#3168.1

On pleuritic effusions, and the necessity of paracentesis for their removal.

Bowditch pioneered the operation for removal of pleural effusions with trocar and a suction pump devised by Morrill Wyman (1812-1903). See Bowditch’s earlier paper on the subject in the same journal volume, pp. …

1852 CE

#2758

On some of the principal effects resulting from the detachment of fibrinous deposits from the interior of the heart, and their mixture with the circulating blood.

A classic description of embolism resulting from intracardiac coagula. Reprinted in Willius & Keys: Cardiac classics, 1941, pp. 474-82.

1852 CE

#1126.1

On the anatomy of the Indian rhinoceros (Rh. unicornis L.).

Owen was the first to describe the parathyroids, which he observed in his dissection of a Great Indian Rhinoceros that had lived at the Zoological Society of London from 1834 to 1849. See B. Modarai, A. Sawyer, & H. E…

1852 CE

#6037

On the treatment of vesico-vaginal fistula.

Original description of Sims’s operation for the treatment of vesicovaginal fistula; also describes “Sims’s position, the knee–chest position. Reprinted in Med. Classics, 1938, 2, 677-712.

1852 CE

#1610.1

Procès-verbaux de la Conférence Sanitaire Internationale ouverte a Paris le 27 juillet 1851. 2 vols.

Reports of the first international public health conference, in which the representatives of 12 European states conferred from July 27, 1851 to January 19, 1852. Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.

1852 CE

#4461

Resection of the head of the femur.

First excision of the hip-joint in America. Unfortunately the one-page article provides no details.

1852 CE

#6180

Rigidity of the soft parts – delivery effected by incision in the perineum.

First episiotomy in America, 2 December 1851.

1852 CE

#11950

The laws of life, with special reference to the physical education of girls.

Blackwell's first book, a volume about the physical and mental development of girls, emphasizing the value of exercise, intended to help prepare young women for motherhood. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this …

1852 CE

#13308

The people's medical lighthouse; a series of popular and scientific essays on the nature, uses, and diseases of the lungs, heart, liver, stomach, kidneys, womb and blood; also a key to the causes, prevention, remedies, and cure of pumonary and other kinds of consumption;....Marriage guide....

One of the more comprehensive American works on popular medicine from the mid-19th century, frequently reprinted. The author, who published the work himself from his address in New York City, describes himself as A.M.…

1852 CE

#3262

The surgical treatment of polypi of the larynx and oedema of the glottis.

Green was one of the few to remove a laryngeal tumor before the invention of the laryngoscope.

1852 CE

#5203

Traité des affections de la peau symptomatiques de la syphilis.

Bassereau defined chancroid clearly for the first time.

1852 CE

#866

Ueber das Milzvenenblut.

Discovery of hemoglobin. (Title of second paper: Neue Beobachtungen tiber die Krystalle des Milzvenen – und Fisch-Blutes).

1852 CE

#1460

Ueber das Vorhandensein bisher unbekannter eigenghümlicher Tastkörperchen (Corpuscula tactus) in den Gefühlswärzchen dermenschlichen Haut, und über die End-Ausbreitung sensitiver Nerven.

First published account of the tactile nerve endings – “Wagner’s corpuscles”.

1852 CE

#1507

Ueber den Einfluss des Nervensystems auf die Bewegung der Iris.

1852 CE

#1508

Ueber die Theorie der zusammengesetzten Farben.

1852 CE

#2904

Ueber einige der wichtigsen Krankheiten der Arterien.

One of Rokitansky’s best works. He described atheroma and calcification in the intima of arteries, and various congenital malformations. Rokitansky "is credited with the initial case report of polyarteritis nodo…

1852 CE

#116

Ueber extracelluläre Entstehung thierischer Zellen und über die Vermehrung derselben durch Theilung.

Remak was the first to point out that growth of new tissues was accomplished by the division of pre-existing cells.

1852 CE

#811

Ueber functionell verschiedene und räumlich getrennte Nervencentra im Froschherzen.

Discovery of the ganglion cells at the auriculo-ventricular junction, “Bidder’s ganglion”.

1852 CE

#812

Zwei Reihen physiologischer Versuche.

Stannius initiated research on the physiology of the conduction system of the heart. He illustrated vagal inhibition of the heart beat and indicated the existence of the pacemaker of the heart. Stannius also showed th…

1852 CE–1853 CE

#4734

Sur la paralysie musculaire, progressive, atrophique.

“Cruveilhier’s palsy”, the progressive muscular atrophy already described by Duchenne and Aran. The slimness of the anterior roots was first noticed by Cruveilhier and was thought to be the essential…

1852 CE–1853 CE

#10129

The flora homoeopathica: Or, illustrations and descriptions of the medicinal plants used as homoeopathic remedies. 2 vols.

Hamilton detailed the symptoms of poisoning, records of successful use of the plant, and a description of its homeopathic uses. Finely illustrated with hand-colored plates, mostly by Henry Sowerby and his sister Charl…

1852 CE–1855 CE

#7168

Commentarii et annotationes in Suśruta Āyurvedam. 2 vols.

Hessler, editor and translator of the first edition of Suśruta published in the West (3 vols., 1844-50) followed that edition with two separate volumes of commentary.

1852 CE–1859 CE

#416

Anatome topographica sectionibus per corpus humanum congelatum triplici directione ductis illustrata. 8 pts.

Pirogov was the greatest of Russian surgeons. He introduced the teaching of applied topographical anatomy in Russia. His atlas of 220 plates represents the first use on a grand scale of frozen sections in anatomical i…

1852 CE–1859 CE

#49

Collectio Salernitana: Ossia documenti inediti, e trattati di medicina appartenenti alla scuola medica Salernitana, raccolti ed illustrati da G.E.T Henschel, C. Daremberg, E.S. deRenzi; premessa la storia della scuola e publicati a cura di Salvatore de Renzi. 5 vols.

The School of Medicine at Salerno dispelled the stagnation of medicine which had persisted throughout the early Middle Ages. Its masters were the first medieval physicians to cultivate medicine as an independent scien…

1852 CE–1859 CE

#5868

Iconographie ophtalmologique. 1 vol. and atlas.

This work and that of Ammon (No. 5852) remain the greatest preophthalmoscopic atlases of ophthalmology.

1852 CE–1860 CE

#10700

Le Nâċérî. La perfection des deux arts ou traité complet d'hippologie et d'hippiatrie arabes. Traduit de l'arabe d'Abū Bakr Ibn Bedr par M. [Nicolas] Perron. 3 vols.

The author was Chief Veterinarian of the Sultan Mamluk of Egypt Nāṣir al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Qalāwūn. (reigned three times between 1293 and 1341). His work focuses on the treatment of horses and falcons. It is divided in…

1853 CE

#6971

Untersuchungen über die wasserfreien organischen Säuren.

In 1853 French chemist Gerhardt was the first to prepare acetylsalicylic acid (marketed by Bayer as asprin in 1899). Gerhardt called the compound he obtained "salicylic-acetic anhydride" (wasserfreie Salicylsäure…

1853 CE

#7747

A materia medica animalia, containing the scientific analysis, natural history and chemical and medical properties and uses of the substances that are the products of beasts, birds, fishes or insects ...

Digital facsimile from the Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.

1853 CE

#7445

A narrative of travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro, with an account of the native tribes and observations on the climate, geology and natural history of the Amazon Valley.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1853 CE

#4462

Amputations.

The first successful amputation of the hip-joint was performed by Brashear in 1806 at Bardstown, Kentucky; he first amputated the thigh through its middle third, and tied off the bleeding vessels; then he made a long …

1853 CE

#684

Atlas der physiologischen Chemie.

1853 CE

#10235

Change of climate considered as a remedy in dyspetic, pulmonary, and other chronic affections; with an account of the most eligible places of residence for invalids in Spain, Portugal, Algeria, etc., at different seasons of the year; and an appendix on the mineral springs of the Pyrenees, Vichy, and Aix les Bains.

The author, a pulmonary specialist at Cavendish Square, London, provides a detailed manual for invalid travellers, seeking cures for tuberculosis, and indigestion and "nervous affections." It may be one of the first t…

1853 CE

#3590

Considérations sur l’étranglement de l’intestin dans la cavité abdominale et sur un mode d’étranglement non décrit par les auteurs. Thèse pour le doctorat en médecine.... No. 128.

Retrocaecal hernia (“Rieux’s hernia”) first described. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

1853 CE

#6260

Das schräg-ovale Becken.

Litzmann (see also No. 6263) described in this work the coxalgic, scoliotic and kyphoscoliotic forms of pelvis.

1853 CE

#1398

Des granulations méningiennes. Thèse pour le doctorat en médecine.

Digital facsimile from wellcomecollection.org at this link. See also his paper in Ann. Sci. nat., 1853, 20, 321-33 (Zool.).

1853 CE

#13860

Descriptive catalogue of the osteological series contained in the museum of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 2 vols.

Digital facsimile from wellcomecollection.org at this link.

1853 CE

#5869.1

Dissertatio ophthalmologica inauguralis de speculo oculi.

Trigt's thesis contains the first printed illustrations of the fundus of the eye. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link. The following year Trigt's thesis was translated into German by C. H. Schauenberg as …