1850–1859

1854 CE

#6181

On the displacements of the uterus.

“Duncan’s folds”, the peritoneal folds of the uterus. Republished in book form, Edinburgh, 1854. Duncan, a leading Edinburgh obstetrician, became lecturer on the subject at St. Bartholomew’s Ho…

1854 CE

#4042

On the keloid of Alibert, and on true keloid.

Addison described two forms of keloid, that described by Alibert, and the “true keloid” (the skin disease morphoea, “Addison’s keloid”).

1854 CE

#10130

On the medicinal and toxicological properties of the cryptogamic plants of the United States.

Separate edition: New York: Baker, Godwin & Co, 1854. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1854 CE

#5106.1

Osservazioni microscopiche e deduzioni patologiche sul cholera asiatico.

Pacini described vibrios seen in the intestinal contents of cholera victims. He incriminated these vibrios as the pathogen in the disease, anticipating Koch (No. 5108) by 30 years. See N. Howard-Jones. Perspect. Biol.…

1854 CE

#13504

Practical observations on the use and abuse of tobacco. Greatly enlarged from the original communication on the effects of tobacco smoking, which appeared in Medical Times and Gazette, August 5, 1854.

Lizars was one of the first to recognize the addictive nature of tobacco and its potential damage to health. Digital facsimile of the 6th edition (1857) from wellcomecollection.org at this link.

1854 CE

#1324

Recherches expérimentales sur le grand sympathique et spécialement sur l’influence que la section de ce nerf exerce sur la chaleur animal.

1854 CE

#5874

Report on the ophthalmoscope.

Jones reported that Charles Babbage (1792-1871), the computer pioneer, had produced a simple ophthalmoscope in 1847. After the success of Helmholtz’s instrument in 1851 (No. 5866) Jones wrote about Babbage&rsquo…

1854 CE

#6261

Schilderungen neuer Beckenformen und ihres Verhaltens im Leben.

First description of pelvis spinosa.

1854 CE

#1326

Sur les résultats de la section et de la galvanisation du nerf grand sympathique au cou.

1854 CE

#8383

The claims of the Negro, ethnologically considered: An address before the literary societies of Western Reserve College, at commencement, July 12, 1854.

Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.

1854 CE

#2760

The diseases of the heart and aorta.

On pp. 320-27 is to be found Stokes’s account of fatty degeneration of the heart, in which he so well described the periodic form of respiration now known as “Cheyne–Stokes breathing.” Stokes a…

1854 CE

#2383

Traité de la syphilis des nouveau-nés et des enfants à la mamelle.

An important work on congenital syphilis. English translation, 1859.

1854 CE

#5771

Traité des maladies du sein et de la région mammaire.

Velpeau was the leading French surgeon of the first half of the 19th century. His treatise on tumors of the breast, his best work, was the most important of its time on the subject. It includes a good account of hyper…

1854 CE

#8827

Types of mankind: or, ethnological researches based upon the ancient monuments, paintings, sculptures and crania of races, and upon their natural, geographical, philological, and biblical history; illustrated by selections from the indedited papers of Samuel George Morton, and by additional contributions by L. Agassiz, W. Usher, and H. S. Patterson

Nott, a prominent physician and anthropologist in Mobile, Alabama, employed polygenist arguments to justify slavery. This required resoilving the problem of racial hybridity. Polygenists claimed that different races w…

1854 CE

#3452

Ueber Anlegung einer künstlichen Magenöffnung am Menschen durch Gastrotomie.

Fenger’s operation.

1854 CE

#685.1

Ueber das Vorkommen von Leucin und Tyrosin in der menschlichen Leber.

Discovery of leucine and tyrosine in the urine.

1854 CE

#5340

Ueber die Band-und Blasenwürmer.

Siebold succeeded in infecting dogs with Taenia echinococcus. Translation by T. H. Huxley Sydenham Society London, 1857.

1854 CE

#4043

Ueber die Folge und den Verlauf epidermischer Krankheiten.

First description of tinea cruris (eczema marginatum, “Bärensprung’s disease”).

1854 CE

#6041

Ueber die Heilung der Blasen-Scheidenfisteln.

Simon is perhaps best remembered as being the first in Europe to excise the kidney; he also wrote a fine monograph on vesico-vaginal fistula.

1854 CE

#1268

Ueber eine im Gehirn und Rückenmark des Menschen aufgefundene Substanz mit der chemischen Reaction der Cellulose.

Discovery of the neuroglia.

1854 CE

#4464

Ueber Resectionen und Amputationen.

1854 CE

#10404

Voyage médical en Californie.

Translated into English by L. Jay Oliva, introduced and annotated by Doyce B. Nunis, Jr. as A medical journey in California (Los Angeles: Zeitlin & Ver Brugge, 1967).

1854 CE–1855 CE

#5871

Notiz über die Behandlung der Mydriasis

1854 CE–1855 CE

#3329

Observations on the human voice.

Garcia, a teacher of singing, invented the modern laryngoscope.

1854 CE–1855 CE

#1509

Ueber die Accommodation des Auges.

Helmholtz determined the optical constants and explained the mechanism of accommodation, with the help of the ophthalmometer which he had invented in 1852.

1854 CE–1855 CE

#5872

Vorlaüfige Notiz über das Wesen des Glaucoms.

1854 CE–1856 CE

#14196

Oeuvres anatomiques, physiologiques et médicales de Galien. Traduites sur les textes imprimés et manuscrits accompagnées de sommaires, de notes, de planches et d'une table des matières. Précédées d'une introduction ou étude biographique, littéraire et scientifique sur Galien par Charles Daremberg. 2 Volumes.

Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.

1854 CE–1857 CE

#8965

Geschichte der Botanik. 4 vols.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

1855 CE

#3370

Beiträge zur Physiologie des menschlichen Ohres.

Rinne’s test.

1855 CE

#6712

Biographie médicale par ordre chronologique. 2 vols.

Reprinted, Amsterdam, B. M. Israël, 1967.

1855 CE

#1995

De l’électrisation localisée et de son application à la physiologie, à la pathologie, et à la thérapeutique.

Duchenne classified the electrophysiology of the entire muscular system and summed up his findings in the above work. The application of his results to pathological conditions marks him as the founder of electrotherap…

1855 CE

#1742

Deformities after fractures.

Hamilton was a medical inspector of the U.S. Army and later became Professor of Surgery at Bellevue Hospital. See No. 4420.

1855 CE

#13864

Descriptive catalogue of the fossil organic remains of plants contained in the museum of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1855 CE

#3063

Die Haemophilie oder die Bluterkrankheit.

First full clinical description of hemophilia.

1855 CE

#5341

Die in und an dem Körper des lebenden Menschen vorkommenden Parasiten. Ein Lehr- und Handbuch der Diagnose und Behandlung der thierischen und pflanzlichen Parasiten des Menschen. Zum Gebrauche für Studirende der Medicin und der Naturwissenschaften, für Lehrer der Zoologie, Botanik, Physiologie, pathologischen Anatomie und für praktische Ärzte. 2 vols.

English translation of 2nd ed. by Edwin Ray Lankester as On animal and vegetable parasites of the human body: A manual of their natural history, diagnosis, and treatment. 2 vols. London: Sydenham Society, 1857. Digita…

1855 CE

#8809

Elephantiasis orientalis, and especially elephantiasis genitalis in Bengal.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1855 CE

#4331

Exsection of the head of the femur and removal of the upper rim of the acetabulum, for morbus coxarius, with perfect recovery.

Resection of the hip for ankylosis.

1855 CE

#13733

Flora indica: Being a systematic account of the plants of British India, together with observations on the structure and affinities of their natural orders and genera. Vol. 1. Ranunculaceae to Fumariaceae, with an Introductory Essay. All published.

Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link. The Introductory Essay was also published separately by W. Pamphlin in 1855 with the following title: Introductory essay to the Flora Indica: includin…

1855 CE

#13734

Food and its adulterations: Comprising the reports of the analytical sanitary commission of "The Lancet" for the years 1851 to 1854 inclusive, revised and extended being records of the results of some thousands of original microscopical and chemical analyses of the solids and fluids consumed by all classes of the public; and containing the names and addresses of the various merchants, manufacturers, and tradesmen of whom the analysed articles were purchased.

Digital facsimile from wellcomecollection.org at this link. Significantly expanded as Food: its adulterations and methods for their detection, London: Longmans, Green, 1876. Digital facsimile of the 1876 edition from …

1855 CE

#11884

Géographie botanique raisonnée ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l'époque actuelle. 2 vols.

This work work organized and systematized the huge mass of data being collected by the numerous scientific expeditions of the time to explain the geographical distribution of plants. Digital facsimile from BnF Gallica…

1855 CE

#10103

History of the American Medical Association, from its organization up to January, 1855. To which is appended biographical notices, with portraits of the presidents of the association, and of the author

The first history of the American Medical Association, founded in 1847, written by one of its chief founders. Digital facsimile from Hathi Trust at this link.

1855 CE

#13338

Le cuisinier et le médecin et le médecin et le cuisinier ou le cuisinier médecin et le médecin cuisinier ou l'art de conserver ou de rétablir sa santé par une alimentation convenable. Guide indispensable à toutes les personnes qu veulent connaitre leur tempérament, le gouverner en santé ou en maladie, selon les règles de l'hygiene, suivi d'un livre de cuisine d'économie domestique et d'hygiène alimentaire appliquée selon les divers tempéraments....les propriété à de toutes les substances alimentaires, des eaux minérales, leur influence sur les divers tempéraments, les maladies résultant des abus et excès, et le moyen de s'en préserver, par une Société médecins, de chimistes, du cuisiniers et d'officiers de bouche.

A comprehensive work, with a difficult and verbose title. The second printing, also published in 1855, included a frontispiece and an elaborate engraved title not illustrated in the BnF copy. Digital facsimile from Bn…

1855 CE

#2164

Maximen der Kriegsheilkunst.

A landmark in military surgery, written by the founder of modern military surgery in Germany. Stromeyer, surgeon-general to the army of Hanover, is also notable for his important contributions to orthopedics. See Nos.…

1855 CE

#6503

Médecine et hygiène des Arabes. Études sur l’exercice de la médecine et de la chirurgie chez les Musulmans de l’Algérie, leurs connaissances en anatomie, histoire naturelle, pharmacie, médecine légale, etc. Leurs conditions climatériques générales, leur pratiques hygiéniques publiques et privées, leurs maladies, leurs traitements les plus usités. Précédées de considérations sur l’état général de la médecine chez les principales nations Mahométanes.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive, at this link.

1855 CE

#5164

Mikroskopische und mikrochemische Untersuchung des Milzbrandblutes sowie über Wesen und Kurdes Milzbrandes.

Pollender discovered the B. anthracis in 1849, but did not record this fact until 1855. He gave a more exact account of the organism than did Rayer (No. 5163).

1855 CE

#1969

New method of treating neuralgia by the direct application of opiates to the painful joints.

Wood of Edinburgh was the first (1853) to employ hypodermic injection that used a true syringe and hollow needle as a therapeutic procedure. He referred to his invention as "subcutaneous" rather than hypodermic. See a…

1855 CE

#3453

Note sur l’emploi du chlorate de potasse dans le traitement de la stomatite ulcéreuse.

Classic description of ulcero-membranous stomatitis and its treatment.

1855 CE

#3864

On the constitutional and local effects of disease of the supra-renal capsules.

Addison was the first to draw attention to the importance of the adrenals in clinical medicine. The above work first appeared in the Lond. med. Gaz., 1849, 43, 517-18, and was later expanded into book form. It describ…

1855 CE

#13712

On the law which has regulated the introduction of new species.

This paper is sometimes referred to as the Sarawak Law paper since it was written while Wallace was on a specimen collecting expedition in the province of Sarawak (East Malayasian States) on the great island of Borneo…

1855 CE

#9982

On the mode of communication of the cholera. Second edition, much enlarged.

The second edition of Snow's book on cholera, with 162pp. compared to 31pp. in the first edition, incorporated the results of five more years of research, and contained so much additional material that it was essentia…