Germany

1864 CE

#3461

Das perforirende Geschwür im Duodenum.

The first comprehensive study of duodenal ulcer. Commercial edition, Berlin: A. Hirschwald, 1865. Digital facsimile of the 1864 edition from the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek at this link. Digital facsimile of the 1865 …

1864 CE

#221

Für Darwin.

Müller, the first German to support Darwin, studied the development of the Crustacea in Brazil and published some of his results in the above little book, which contains much original information. He realized the…

1865 CE

#2618

Der Epithelialkrebs namentlich der Haut. 1 vol. and atlas.

Thiersch, Professor of Surgery at Erlangen, and inventor of the method of skin grafting which bears his name, also made an important contribution to the knowledge of the histogenesis of cancer. He disproved Virchow&rs…

1865 CE

#1678

Die grossen Volkskrankheiten des Mittelalters. Historischpathologische Untersuchungen. Von J. F. K. Hecker. Gesammelt und in erweiteter Bearbeitung hrsg. von A. Hirsch.

A collection of essays on the Black Death, the dancing mania, and the English sweat, published 1832-34 and later in a collective English edition, The epidemics of the Middle Ages, 2 pts., London, 1833-35; reprinted 18…

1865 CE

#3271

Die Laryngoskopie und die laryngoskopische Chirurgie. 1 vol. and atlas.

Bruns claimed to have been the first to remove a tumor from the larynx with the aid of the laryngoscope.

1865 CE

#778

Die physiologischen Leistungen des Blutdrucks.

Ludwig’s inaugural address at Leipzig, in which he introduced the idea of keeping alive excised portions of organs by means of artificial circulation, or perfusion. He suggested that the blood-pressure had a sti…

1865 CE

#11493

Medicinische Blumenlese aus Shakespeare zu eigener und seiner Collegen Kurzweil gesammelt von Georg Cless.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1865 CE

#1271.1

Mikroskopischische Analyse der Anastomosen der Kopfnerven: gekrönte Beantwortung der von der medizinischen Fakultät zu München im Jahre 1863 ausgesetzten Preisfrage. Mit 43 Steindrucktafeln.

Bischoff demonstrated conclusively that there are many interconnections between the trigeminal, facial, nervus intermedius, acoustico-vestibular complex, glosso-pharyngeal, vagus, spinal-accessory, hypoglossal and the…

1865 CE

#14037

Persien. Das Land und seine Bewohner. Ethnographische Schilderungen. 2 vols.

In this wide-ranging ethnographic study Polak provided the most authoritative account of his introduction of western medicine into Iran as well as the state of medicine in Iran generally. "Polak (1865, II, pp. 192-348…

1865 CE

#10273

Wandtafeln zur Schwangerschafts- und Geburtskunde. Text volume in quarto format plus atlas in double elephant folio format (915 x 650mm.)

This huge atlas of obstetric wall charts contains 20 chromolithographed plates measuring over 3 feet by 2 feet, illustrating the female reproductive anatomy, stages of pregnancy, normal and breech presentations of the…

1866 CE

#8963

Botanik der spaeteren Griechen vom dritten bis dreizehnten Jahrhuntert.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

1866 CE

#5792

De veterum Indorum chirurgia. Dissertatio inauguralis.

Trendelenburg’s graduation thesis on the ancient Hindu systems of medicine. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

1866 CE

#12347

Die Meningitis cerebro-spinalis epidemica vom historisch-geographischen und pathologisch-therapeutischen Standpunkte.

Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.

1866 CE

#223

Generelle Morphologie der Organismen. 2 vols.

Haeckel accepted the general principles of Darwinism, disagreeing on some points. He was the first to promote Darwin’s theories in Germany. This work contains the first statement of his theory that “ontoge…

1866 CE

#5896

Ueber die Extraktion des grauen Staares bei uneröffneter Kapsel durch den Scleralschnitt. IN Klinische Beobachtungen aus der Augenheilanstalt zu Wiesbaden, hrsg. von E.H. Pagenstecher u. T. Saemisch, Heft 3.

Extraction of the lens in the closed capsule through a scleral incision, for the treatment of cataract.

1867 CE

#1792

Alberti Magni ex ordine praedicatorum de vegetabilibus libri VII: Historiae naturalis pars XVIII. Editionem criticam ab Ernesto Meyero coeptam: Absolvit Carolus Jessen.

One of the best works on natural history produced during the Middle Ages, and, like most of Albertus's works, influential throughout the medieval period, though it does not appear to have been published in print until…

1867 CE

#2125

De maxillarum necrosi phosphorica.

Classical description of phosphorus necrosis of the jaw, or "phossy jaw".

1867 CE

#9019

Donnolo, Fragment des ältesten medicinischen Werkes in hebräischer Sprache.... von M. Steinschneider.

Written about 970 CE, this is the earliest surviving medical treatise written in Hebrew to which an approximate date can be assigned. Donnolo, who was at one time Byzantine court physician, is one of the earliest Jewi…

1867 CE

#1513

Handbuch der physiologischen Optik. 1 vol. and atlas.

Includes Helmholtz’s revival of the Young theory of color vision. English translation by J.P.C. Southall of 3rd German edition, 3 vols., Menasha, Wis., 1924-25.

1867 CE

#5899

Symptomenlehre der Augenmuskellähmungen.

The first thorough account of paralysis of the eye muscles, and the basis for their surgical treatment. The first section describes conditions resulting from injuries to the eye muscles. The second part outlines physi…

1867 CE–1868 CE

#625

Untersuchungen über den Stoffwechsel der Muskeln, ausgehend vom Gaswechsel derselben. 3 vols.

Hermann’s views on nitrogen metabolism in muscular work correctly anticipated the later conclusions of Fletcher, Hopkins, and others.

1868 CE

#2677

Das Verhalten der Eigenwärme in Krankheiten.

This work on temperature in disease laid the foundation of modern knowledge regarding clinical thermometry. Wunderlich reportedly took over a million measurements from 25,000 people. Temperatures ranged from 97.2 to 9…

1868 CE

#1513.1

Die Lehre vom binokularen Sehen.

Hering’s law: that the corresponding muscles of the two eyes are always equally innervated. The book includes classic experiments and observations on eye movement control. English translation by B. Bridgeman and…

1868 CE

#224

Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte. Gemeinverständlich wissenschaftliche Vorträge über die Entwickelungslehre im Allgemeinen und diejenige von Darwin, Goethe und Lamarck im Besonderen, über die Anwendung derselben auf den Ursprung des Menschen . . .

Haeckel constructed the first of the now commonplace ancestral trees, depicting the evolution of life from the simplest organisms through 21 stages of development to modern man – the 22nd and final stage. Within…

1868 CE

#5558

Pfolspeundt: Buch der Bündth-Ertznei. Hrsg. von H. Haeser und A. Middeldorpf.

Although not printed until 1868, this treatise was written about 1460, and is the first work of the early German surgeons. Pfolspeundt was a Bavarian army surgeon; his book includes the first allusion to the extractio…

1868 CE

#5376

Ueber den Hungertyphus und einige verwandte Krankheitsformen.

Virchow was instrumental in introducing into Germany an epidemiology based on the study of multiple factors – sociological as well as bacteriological. In the above report on the reappearance of typhus in Berlin …

1868 CE

#10180

Zakarīyā b. Muḥammad al-Qazwīnī's Kosmographie. Nach der Wüstenfeldschen Textausgabe, mit Benutzung und Beifügung der reichhaltigen Anmerkungen und Verbesserungen des Herrn Prof. Dr. Fleischer in Leipzig, aus dem Arabischen zum ersten Male vollständig übersetzt von Dr. Hermann Ethé. Die Wunder der Schöpfung. 1. Halbband

Digital facsimile from Bayerische StaatsBibliothek at this link.

1869 CE

#6876

Atlas zur Pathologie der Zahne . . . Atlas to the Pathology of the Teeth [in German and English].

The first atlas of dental pathology, a "beautifully made, richly illustrated work" (Hoffmann-Axthelm, p. 399). "In these plates we find numerous anomalies of the teeth and jaw in delicate, clear drawings. . . . Occasi…

1869 CE

#1364

Beiträge zur Lehre von den Functionen der Nervencentren des Frosches.

Goltz made important observations on the decerebrate frog. He showed it to possess no volitional powers except after stimulation, no memory and no intelligence. His experiments on frogs deprived of their spinal cords …

1869 CE

#1009

Beiträge zur mikroskopischen Anatomie der Bauchspeicheldrüse. Inaugural-Dissertation.

First account of the islets of Langerhans. In 1893 Édouard Laguesse attached the name of Langerhans to the structures. Langerhans did not suggest any function for them. The book was reprinted with an English tr…

1869 CE

#1618

Das Kanal- Oder Siel-System in München.

Pettenkofer was responsible for the installation of the modern system of sewage disposal in Munich, and thus succeeded in almost completely ridding that city of typhoid.

1869 CE–1872 CE

#550

Handbuch der Lehre von den Geweben des Menschen und der Thiere. Edited by Salomon Stricker. 2 vols.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link. Translated into English by Henry Power as Manual of human and comparative histology. Edited by S. Stricker. 3 vols. London: New Sydenham Society, 1870-73. Digi…

1870 CE

#4541

Das Rankenneurom.

Original description of plexiform neurofibroma.

1870 CE

#492

Eierstock und Ei.

Waldeyer discovered the germinal epithelium.

1870 CE

#337

Grundzüge der vergleichenden Anatomie der Wirbelthiere.

Gegenbaur’s best work. He stressed the value of comparative anatomy as the basis of the study of descent, considering that knowledge of the relations of corresponding parts in different animals was more importan…

1870 CE

#4212

Handbuch der pathologischen Anatomie. I. Abt.

A classic description of glomerulonephritis (“Klebs’s disease”) is on pp. 644-48.

1871 CE

#13426

A. von Grafe's hinterlassene medizinische u. ophthalmologische Bibliothek, sowie ein Anhang von diversen medizinischen Werken und Suiten von medizinischen Journalen zu Antiquarpreisen durch die Hirschwald'sche Buchhandlung in Berlin.

1871 CE

#943

Der Kehlkopf des Menschen.

1871 CE

#874

Die Blutkrystalle.

1871 CE–1878 CE

#2127

Die Krankheiten der Arbeiter. Beiträge zur Förderung der öffentlichen Gesundheitspflege. Erste Abtheilung. Dien inneren Krankheiten der Arbeiter. Erster Theil. Die Staubinhalations-Krankheiten und die von ihnen besonders heimgesuchten Gewerbe und Fabrikbetriebe (1871). Theil. II. Die in Folge der Einathmung von Gasen und Dämpfen entstandenen Krankheiten ("Gasinhalations - Krankheiten") und die von ihnen besonders heimgesuchten Gewerbe- und Fabrikbetriebe (1873). Theil III. Die in Folge der Beschäftigung mit giftigen Stoffen entstandenen Krankheiten ("Gewerbliche Vergiftungen") und die von ihnen besonders heimgesuchten Gewerbe- und Fabrikbetriebe (1875). Theil IV. Die Krankheiten der Arbeiter. Abt. II. Die äusseren (chirurgischen) Krankheiten der Arbeiter (1878). 4 vols.

Hirt was the leading German writer on occupational medicine in the second half of the 19th century. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

1871 CE–1878 CE

#11715

Gesammelte Beiträge zur Pathologie und Physiologie. 3 vols.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1871 CE–1878 CE

#2224

Zur Fieberlehre. In his: Gesammelte Beiträge zur Pathologie und Physiologie, 2 (1871) pt. 1, 624-56, 679-83; 3 (1878) 503-05, 582-87.

Digital facsimile of Vol. 2, pt. 1 from the Internet Archive at this link, of Vol. 3 at this link.

1872 CE

#2173

Beiträge zur pathologischen Anatomie der Schusswunden.

Klebs filtered the discharges from gunshot wounds, found the filtrate to be non-infectious, and from that reasoned that traumatic septicemia is of bacterial origin. He was the first to filter bacteria and to experimen…

1872 CE

#12225

Der Mechanismus der halbmondformigen Herzklappen.

Using an excised pig heart preparation with tubes, a manometer, and a visualizing apparatus, Ceradini working in Carl Ludwig’s laboratory, illustrated the mechanism of closure of the semilunar valves. He was the…

1872 CE

#6188

Die Lage des Uterus und Foetus am Ende der Schwangerschaft nach Durchschnitten an gefrornen Cadavern

Supplement to No. 424.

1872 CE

#353

Geschichte der Zoologie bis auf Joh. Müller und Charl. Darwin.

French edition, 1880. Digital facsimile of the German edition from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link; of the French edition from Google Books at this link.

1872 CE

#2325

Lungenentzündung, Tuberkulose und Schwindsucht.

Buhl stated that disseminated miliary tuberculosis is always associated with the presence of a caseous focus in some part of the body, which is the centre from which infection starts (Buhl-Dittrich law). English trans…

1872 CE

#424

Topographisch-anatomischer Atlas. Nach Durchschnitten angefrornen Cadavern.

Fine illustrations of frozen sections. Translated into English by Edward Bellamy as An atlas of topographical anatomy after plane sections of frozen bodies. (Philadelphia: Lindsay and Blakiston, 1877).

1872 CE

#3010

Untersuchungen über die embolischen Processe.

Cohnheim developed the doctrine of infarction as a result of occlusion of terminal arteries. He explained the haemorrhagic nature of certain infarcts on the basis of a reflux flow and diapedesis through the altered ca…

1872 CE

#4831

Zur Lehre von der Tetanie.

Important observations on gastric tetany were made by Kussmaul. He called attention to the convulsions sometimes accompanying dilatation of the stomach. He first mentioned “gastric tetany” in 1869 in his p…