Germany

1809 CE–1840 CE

#12798

Flore portugaise ou description de toutes les plantes qui croissent naturellement en Portugal. 2 vols.

The most spectacular illustrated book on the flora of Portugal. The delicate illustrations, mostly stipple-engraved and colored by hand, based on the travels of Hoffmannsegg through Portugal between 1797 and 1801, wer…

1810 CE

#13756

Ueber die Verkrümmungen des menschlichen Körpers und eine rationelle und sichere Heilart derselben.

Valentin considered this work on the correction of deformities of the spine, neck, rickets, clubfoot, etc. one of the first "scientific" treatises on orthopedics. Digital facsimile from digitale-bibliothek-mv.de at th…

1811 CE

#5841

Prüfung der Keratonyxis, einer neuen Methode den grauen Staar durch die Homhaut zu recliniren oder zu zerstückeln.

Langenbeck’s operation of iridencleisis for construction of artificial pupil. He was Professor of Anatomy and Surgery at Göttingen.

1814 CE–1817 CE

#11675

Die Krankheiten des Herzens. 3 vols. in 4.

From 1800 until Laennec's discovery of auscultation, there were only four major text-books on heart disease, that of Burns in England, of Corvsart in France, Testa in Italy, and Kreysig in Germany. It has its strong p…

1816 CE

#11178

Anatomie und Bildungsgeschichte des Gehirns im Foetus des Menschen: nebst einer vergleichenden Darstellung des Hirnbaues in den Thieren.

Digital facsimile from Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg at this link.

1816 CE

#1990

Anleitung zur Darstellung und Anwendung aller Arten der kräftigsten Bäder und Heilwässer welche von Gesunden und Kranken gebraucht werden.

Döbereiner was the first to treat the subject of light therapy on a scientific basis.

1817 CE

#1316

Anatomia comparata nervi sympathici.

1817 CE

#4772

De myelophthisi chronica vera et notha.

First important account of tabes dorsalis.

1817 CE

#9871

De nova infusionis methodo. Dissertatio inauguralis medico-chirurgica....

Eduard von Graefe’s medical thesis described the method devised by his brother, Carl Ferdinand von Graefe (1787-1840), for transfusing blood or other liquids into the blood vessels. The work includes an illustra…

1817 CE

#4310

De rachitide congenita.

Classic description of achondroplasia. Romberg’s graduation thesis. English translation (Sydenham Society), 1853.

1817 CE–1826 CE

#2284

Tabulae anatomico-pathologicae. 4 pts.

Meckel’s work on embryology brought a better understanding of congenital malformations, which had previously been attributed by many to supernatural influence. This work illustrates a number of anomalies and oth…

1817 CE–1848 CE

#107

Isis, oder encyclopädische Zeitung (verzüglich für Naturgeschichte, vergleichende Anatomie und Physiologie), VON OKEN. 41 vols.

Lorenz Oken, a leading light in the Nature-Philosophical School in Germany, produced important work in the field of biology. He founded the journal Isis, which published articles of great value; its incursion into the…

1818 CE

#4926

Lehrbuch der Störungen des Seelenlebens.

Heinroth drew his psychology from the Bible and maintained that mental health was maintained only by piety and that sin engendered madness; for him treatment was by repentance and a return to the fold. English transla…

1818 CE

#5738

Rhinoplastik, oder die Kunst den Verlust der Nase organisch zu ersetzen.

Von Graefe revived rhinoplasty in Germany with this survey of what he called the three methods: the Italian, the Indian, and the “German” method, his own variation on the Italian method. On p. 13 he descri…

1818 CE–1825 CE

#6237

Handbuch der Entbindungskunst. 3 vols. in 5.

Includes (Bd. 2, Abt II, p. 302) description of Osiander’s lower-segment Caesarean operation.

1819 CE

#317

De animalibus quibusdam e classe vermium Linneana in circumnavigator terra auspicante Comite N. Romanzoff duce Ottone de Kotzebue annis 1815, 1816, 1817, 1818. Fasciculus primus. De Salpa.

Chamisso was naturalist on the Kotzebue voyage of 1815-1818. This monograph on certain Vermes included the first description of several of the tunicates and the earliest use of the expression “alternation of gen…

1819 CE

#12115

Entozoorum synopsis cui accedunt mantissa duplex et indices locupletissimi.

In this work Rudolphi detailed the life cycle of nematode parasites of mankind, such as the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides. Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.

1819 CE–1826 CE

#1358

Vom Baue und Leben des Gehirns. 3 vols.

Includes description of “Burdach’s column”, the posterior column of the spinal cord. This work is also “an unrivalled source of historical information on macroscopical neuroanatomy” (Meyer).

1820 CE

#1556

De aure et auditu hominis et animalium.

1820 CE–1821 CE

#11411

Neueste phytochemische Entdeckungen zur Begründung einer wissenschaftlichen Phytochemie. 2 vols.

On pp. 144-146 of vol. 1 Runge reported the isolation of relatively pure caffeine for the first time. He called it "Kaffebase." Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link. In 1821 the French chemists Pierre-Jose…

1821 CE–1833 CE

#28

Opera omnia. 20 vols., [in 22].

This Greek–Latin edition, edited by C. G. Kühn, is reprinted from much earlier editions, and leaves much to be desired with respect to scholarship. However, it remained the standard edition for about 100 ye…

1822 CE–1829 CE

#6383

Geschichte der Heilkunde. 2 vols.

1823 CE

#9579

Bibliothek de Veterinairkunde.

An early attempt at a bibliography of the literature of veterinary medicine, including historical works. Strangely, the author cited publication dates only by their last 3 digits, thus 1800 is printed as 800, etc. Dig…

1823 CE–1825 CE

#10503

Chronik der Seuchen in Verbindung mit der gleichzeitigen Vorgängen in der physischen Welt und in der Geschichte der Menschen. Erster Theil vom Anfang der Geschichte bis in die Mitte des fünfzehnten Jahrhunderts. Zeiter Theil von der Mitte des fünzehnten Jahrhunderts bis auf die neuste Zeit. (2 vols.)

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

1824 CE

#4511

De tremore, palpitatione, convulsione, et rigore. IN: Opera omnia ed. cur. C.G. Kühn, cur 7, 584-642.

Complete English translation by D. Sider and M. McVaugh in Trans. stud. Coll. Phys. Phila., 1979, 1, 183-210.

1824 CE

#2606

De tumoribus praeter naturam. In his Opera omnia, ed. cur. C.G. Kühn. 7, 705-32.

Galen’s classification of tumors persisted for more than 1,000 years. He considered neoplasms to be due to an excess of black bile, which solidified in certain sites. He advocated purges to dissolve the black bi…

1824 CE

#6025

Ueber den Gebärmutterkrebs, dessen Entstehung und Verhütung.

Classic account of cancer of the uterus.

1824 CE–1827 CE

#9531

Reise im Norden Europa's, vorzüglich in Island: in den Jahren 1820 bis 1821. 2 vols.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1825 CE

#1494.1

Beobachtungen und Versuche zur Physiologie der Sinne. Neue Beiträge zur Kenntniss des Sehens in subjectiver Hinsicht. 2 vols.

“Purkynĕ phenomenon” or “Purkynĕ shift”, a change in the apparent relative luminosity of colors in a dim light (scotopic vision) compared with that in full daylight (photopic vision). Also publ…

1825 CE

#14177

Commentatio de vera materiae sanguini purpureum colorem impertientis natura.

Engelhart’s dissertation, presented before the medical faculty at the University of Göttingen, contains the first determination of the molecular mass of a protein (hemoglobin). Engelhart proved that the rat…

1825 CE

#13841

Index numismatum in virorum de rebus medicis vel physicis meritorum memoriam percussorum.

At head of title: Ioanni Fr. Blumenbach ... viro illustri Germaniae decori diem semisecularem physiophili germanici laete gratulantur. Digital facsimile from wellcomecollection.org at this link.

1825 CE

#1736

System der psychisch-gerichtlichen Medizin, oder theoretisch-praktische Anweisung zur wissenschaftlichen Erkenntniss und gutachtlichen Darstellung der krankhaften persönlichen Zustände, welche vor Gericht in Betracht kommen.

The first important work exclusively on medico-legal aspects of insanity. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

1825 CE

#766

Wellenlehre auf Experimente gegründet oder über die Wellen tropfbarer Flüssigkeiten mit Anwendung auf die Schall- und Lichtwellen.

The first work to apply hydrodynamics to the circulation of the blood.

1825 CE–1835 CE

#1696

Beiträge zur medizinischen Statistik un Staatsarzneikunde. 2 vols.

1826 CE

#10037

De euthanasia medica prolusio.

The first "modern" discussion of medical euthanasia. Translated into English by Walter Crane as "Medical euthanasia: A paper published in Latin in 1826, translated and reintorduced to the medical Profession," J. Hist.…

1826 CE

#1257

Zur vergleichenden Physiologie des Gesichtssinnes des Menschen und der Thiere.

Includes Müller’s law of specific nerve energies. For an English translation, see his Elements of physiology, transl. W. Baly, London, 1838, vol. 1, pp. 766-67. Includes (p. 73) his explanation of the color…

1826 CE–1838 CE

#6752

Repertorium bibliographicum. 2 vols. [in 4].

Alphabetical author-index of 16,299 incunabula. Originally based on the contents of the Munich Hofbibliothek, it was made more useful when Walter Arthur Copinger published a 3-volume supplement, 1895-1902, which added…

1826 CE–1840 CE

#599

Die Physiologie als Erfahrungswissenschaft. Edited by Karl Friedrich Burdach. 6 vols.

Burdach’s great textbook of physiology was planned to run to 10 vols., but the death of his wife quenched his enthusiasm for the task. Parts of the text were written by von Baer, Rathke, Johannes Müller, R.…

1827 CE

#10507

Charte über die geographische Ausbreitung der Krankheiten.

The first world map of the distribution of human disease. For Schnurrer's work in epidemiology and his map, which was published separately from his books, see Brömer, "The first global map of the distribution of …

1827 CE

#477

De ovi mammalium et hominis genesi.

Announces Baer’s discovery of the mammalian ovum, the culmination of a search begun by scientists at least as early as the work of de Graaf in the 17th century (No. 1209). The pamphlet was reprinted in facsimile…

1827 CE

#4773

De tabe dorsuali praelusio.

Gives the views of his father, Ernst Horn (1744-1848), on tabes.

1827 CE

#14285

Der Leichnam des Menschen in seinen physischen Verwandlungen nach Beobachtungen und Versuchen.

The human corpse in its physical transformations according to observations and experiments.

1828 CE

#12937

De foetu humano: Adnotationes anatomicae quibus praemissis viro perillustri Samueli Thomae de Soemmerring ... doctoratus in medicina impetrati semisaecularia gratulatur Universitas Literarum Regiomontana. Interprete Carlo Friderico Burdach.

Reproduction of a drawing by Soemmerring of the first stages of embryonic development visible with the naked eye, with a note by Burdach. Digital facsimile from Bayerische StaatsBibliothek at this link.

1828 CE

#6753

Handbuch der Bücherkunde für die ältere Medizin zur Kenntniss der griechischen, lateinischen und arabischen Schriften im ärztlichen Fache und zur bibliographischen Unterscheidung ihrer verschiedenen Ausgaben, Uebersetzungen und Erläuterungen.

This check list of printed works of the older medical writers underwent a second edition in 1841, which was reprinted in 1911, 1926 and 1956. Digital facsimile of the 1841 edition from Google Books at this link.

1828 CE

#4414.1

Theoretisch-praktische Handbuch der Lehre von den Bruchen und Verrenkungen der Knochen. 1 vol. and atlas.

The remarkable atlas accompanying this work illustrates in remarkable detail all of the various types of dressings, splints and apparatus used in the treatment of fractures at the time.

1828 CE–1830 CE

#6853

Die chronischen Krankheiten, ihre eigenthümliche Natur und homöopathische Heilung. 4 vols.

Second edition, 6 vols., 1835-39.

1829 CE

#3256

Die Pathologie und Therapie der Kehlkopfkrankheiten.

1829 CE

#13840

Recentioris aevi numismata virorum de rebus medicis et physicis meritorum memoriam servantia.

Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.

1829 CE–1834 CE

#5743

Chirurgische Erfahrungen besonders über die Wiederherstellung zerstörter Theile des menschlichen Körpers nach neuen Methoden. 3 vols. [in 4] and atlas.

Dieffenbach was Professor of Surgery in Berlin. He was a pioneer in the field of plastic and orthopedic surgery, performing tenotomy and skin-grafting successfully. English translation of the section on rhinoplasty, w…

1830 CE

#1456.1

Arteriarum capitis superficialium icon nova.

Includes description of the “canal of Schlemm”, the circular canal at the junction of the cornea and the sclerotic.