Leipzig

1499 CE

#363.2

Philosophie naturalis compendium.

The last section of this commentary on Aristotle is an illustrated summary of anatomy, the text of which was derived, with some modifications, from medieval manuscripts. The series of eleven woodcuts has been called &…

1501 CE

#363.3

Antropologium de ho[min]is dignitate, natura, et p[ro]prietatibus.

Includes the first illustrations of the viscera in a printed book. The four woodcuts are derived with modifications from Peyligk (No. 363.2). This work also contains the first mention ever of the word anthropology (in…

1530 CE

#3667

Artzney Buchlein, wider allerlei Kranckeyten und Gebrachen der Tzeen: Getzogen auss dem Galeno, Auicenna, Mesue, Cornelio Celso vnd andern mehr der Artzney Doctorn seher nützlich zu lesen.

The first book on dentistry, probably intended for the general public. The unidentified writer confined himself to extracts from the works of ancient and recent writers on the subject. The woodcut on the title page wa…

1614 CE

#2119

Consilium Peripneumoniacum: Das ist Ein getrewer Rath in der beschwerlichen Berg und Lungensucht : darinnen verfasset, was die fürnemsten Ursachen seyn beyderley Beschwerungen, beydes der gifftigen, die vom Bergwerck entstehet: so wol der gemeinen, die von Flüssen herrühret: Zuvor aber, wie der Mensch mit der kleinen Welt, und mit dem Bergwerck artlich zu vergleichen, und wie beyde Suchten zu vertreiben seyn.

Martin Pansa, a pupil of Georg Agricola, wrote the most important work on occupational disease before Ramazzini. He described the symptoms of the lung diseases of miners and smelters. Digital facsimile from the Bayeri…

1660 CE

#1722

Rationale vulnerum lethalium judicium, in quo de vulnerum lethalium natura et causis, legitima item eorundem inspectione, ac aliis circa hanc materiam scitu dignis juxta, quam necessariis, agitur.

Welsch stressed the need for autopsy in medico-legal cases. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1667 CE

#1723

De gemellis et partu numerosiore.

Medico-legal aspects of multiple births. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1686 CE

#1355

Circulus anatomico-physiologicus.

Bohn's approach was mechanistic in that he grave predominately physical interpretations of vital processes. He experimented on the decapitated frog, declaring the reflex phenomena to be entirely material and mechanica…

1689 CE

#1726

De renunciatione vulnerum, seu vulnerum lethalium examen.

“The best work on fatal injuries, with frequent references of medicolegal importance” (Nemec).

1690 CE

#2146

Der rechte und warhafftige Feldscher.

Purmann was a skilful army surgeon – one of the most famous of the period. Despite this he believed in the efficacy of the weapon-salve and the sympathetic powder.

1690 CE

#13406

Introductio generalis in rem herbariam.

Rivinus (Bachmann) introduced the concept of classification of plants based upon the structure of the flower. He also introduced the ORDER as a distinct rank of biological classification having its own distinctive nam…

1693 CE

#8574

Museum Spenerianum, sive Catalogus Rerum tam artificiosarum, quam naturalium, tam antiquarum, quam recentium, tam exoticarum, quam domesticarum, quas Johannes Jacobus Spener in Academia Hallensi dum viveret, singulari industria & indefesso labore paravit atque collegit. Das Spenerische Cabinet, Oder Kurtze Beschreibung Aller So wol künstlich- als natürlicher, alter, als neuer, fremder, als einheimischer curiösen Sachen. Compiled by Johann Martin Michaelis.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1701 CE

#1828

Censura medicamentorum officinalium.

A list of officially recognized drugs, with a classification of useless and undesirable ones. Rivinus also noted incompatibles. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1707 CE

#1216

De sterilitate mulierum.

The Nabothian cysts and glands of the cervix uteri first described (sect. xv).

1724 CE

#6016

Ausführliche Abhandlung von den Zufällen und Kranckheiten des Frauenzimmers.

1727 CE

#13407

Bibliotheca Riviniana sive catalogus librorum philogico-philosophico-historicorum, itinerariorum, imprimis autem medicorum, botanicorum et historiae naturalis scriptorum & c., rariorum....vendenda in vaporario collegii rubri a die xxvii. Octobr. mdccxxvii more auctionis consueto. Praemissa est vita Rivini descripta per Geo. Sam Hermannum...catalogi autorem.

Auction catalogue of Rivinus's library by Georg Samuel Hermann. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1737 CE

#1987

Unterricht von der wunderbare Heilkraft des frischen Wassers bei dessen innerlichem und äusserlichem Gebrauche durch die Erfahrung bestätigt.

The treatment of fevers by means of the cold pack was revived by S. Hahn and by his son J. S. Hahn; in his treatise, the latter advised the use of water in all diseases. A seventh edition of the book appeared as recen…

1743 CE

#13922

Museum Richterianum continens fossilia animalia, vegetabilia marina.

Catalogue of the cabinet of curiosities formed by the merchant and collector Johann Richter. Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.

1744 CE

#4302

De iis, qui ex tuberculis gibberosi fiunt.

Platner affirmed the tuberculous nature of humpback, which had earlier been surmised by Hippocrates and confirmed by Galen.

1745 CE

#10474

Berg-Raths Medicinischer Aufstand und Schmelz-Bogen Von der Bergsucht und Hütten-Katze auch einigen andern, Denen Bergleuten und Hütten-Arbeitern zustoßenden Krankheiten, Vor dieselben und diejenigen So in Stein, Erz, Metall und Feuer arbeiten, ausgestellet.

A key early work on the Bergsucht or miner's phthisis.

1749 CE

#13437

Bibliothecae Platnerianae medicae sectio prior (posterior) auctionis lege distribuenda.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1764 CE

#74

Opera physico-medica.

Huxham, a Devonshire man, was a pupil of Boerhaave. His most important contributions to medicine were in connection with fevers and infectious diseases.

1771 CE

#1357

Erste Gründe einer Physiologie der eigentlichen thierischen Natur thierischer Körper.

Unzer was probably the first to employ the work “reflex” in connection with sensory–motor reactions. T. Laycock translated his book into English for the Sydenham Society in 1851.

1772 CE

#154

Von der Physiognomik.

Lavater was the last of the descriptive physiognomists. He expanded the above work into Physiognomische Fragmente zur Beförderung der Menschenkenntnis und Menschenliebe, 1775-78. This was translated into English …

1777 CE

#13452

Geschichte der Mission der Evangelischen Brüder auf den Caraibischen Inseln. Herausgegeben durch Johan Jakob Bossart. 2 vols.

Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.

1778 CE–1793 CE

#8222

Geographische Geschichte des Menschen und der allgemein verbreiteten vierfüßigen Thiere: nebst einer hieher gehörigen Zoologischen Weltcharte. 3 vols.

Digital facsimile from the Bayerische StaatsBibliothek at this link.

1784 CE–1790 CE

#77

Sämmtliche kleinere Schriften. 3 vols.

Camper, an artist of skill, made his mark as an anthropologist and craniologist. He discovered the processus vaginalis of the peritoneum and the fibrous structure of the eye, and made several other important contribut…

1784 CE–1791 CE

#215.3

Ideen zur Philosophie der Geschichte der Menschheit. 4 vols.

Herder’s history has long been regarded as a very strong statement of Darwinian evolution before Darwin: many single passages come close to the evolution theory. Among the passages most often regarded as anticip…

1791 CE

#12894

Abhandlung über Flüsse und Entzündungen, wovon Geschwülste und Zahnfleischgeschwüre herrühren.

One of the first treatises on gum diseases, which around a century later would be called periodontics. Digital facsimile from Bayerische StaatsBibliothek at this link.

1792 CE–1795 CE

#1776

Versuch einer allgemeinen medizinisch-praktischen Geographie, worin der historische Theil der einheimischen Völker-und Saaten-Arzeneykunde vergetragen wird. 3 vols.

The first comprehensive medical geography. See George Rosen, "Leonhard Ludwig Finke and the first medical geography," IN: Underwood, E. A. (ed.). Science and medicine in history: Essays on the evolution of scientific …

1799 CE

#1553

De penitiori ossium structura commentarius.

1805 CE

#6850

Fragmenta de viribus medicamentorum positivis sive in sano corpore humano observatis. 2 vols.

Hahnemann's first published homeopathic book, his first title on Materia Medica and Repertory, and the first collection of drug provings on the healthy body. The book lists the health effects of 27 drugs in common use…

1808 CE–1812 CE

#314

Beyträge zur vergleichenden Anatomie. 2 vols. in 3.

Digital facsimile facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.

1810 CE

#13756

Ueber die Verkrümmungen des menschlichen Körpers und eine rationelle und sichere Heilart derselben.

Valentin considered this work on the correction of deformities of the spine, neck, rickets, clubfoot, etc. one of the first "scientific" treatises on orthopedics. Digital facsimile from digitale-bibliothek-mv.de at th…

1817 CE

#1316

Anatomia comparata nervi sympathici.

1817 CE–1826 CE

#2284

Tabulae anatomico-pathologicae. 4 pts.

Meckel’s work on embryology brought a better understanding of congenital malformations, which had previously been attributed by many to supernatural influence. This work illustrates a number of anomalies and oth…

1818 CE

#4926

Lehrbuch der Störungen des Seelenlebens.

Heinroth drew his psychology from the Bible and maintained that mental health was maintained only by piety and that sin engendered madness; for him treatment was by repentance and a return to the fold. English transla…

1819 CE–1826 CE

#1358

Vom Baue und Leben des Gehirns. 3 vols.

Includes description of “Burdach’s column”, the posterior column of the spinal cord. This work is also “an unrivalled source of historical information on macroscopical neuroanatomy” (Meyer).

1820 CE

#1556

De aure et auditu hominis et animalium.

1821 CE–1833 CE

#28

Opera omnia. 20 vols., [in 22].

This Greek–Latin edition, edited by C. G. Kühn, is reprinted from much earlier editions, and leaves much to be desired with respect to scholarship. However, it remained the standard edition for about 100 ye…

1824 CE

#4511

De tremore, palpitatione, convulsione, et rigore. IN: Opera omnia ed. cur. C.G. Kühn, cur 7, 584-642.

Complete English translation by D. Sider and M. McVaugh in Trans. stud. Coll. Phys. Phila., 1979, 1, 183-210.

1824 CE

#2606

De tumoribus praeter naturam. In his Opera omnia, ed. cur. C.G. Kühn. 7, 705-32.

Galen’s classification of tumors persisted for more than 1,000 years. He considered neoplasms to be due to an excess of black bile, which solidified in certain sites. He advocated purges to dissolve the black bi…

1824 CE–1827 CE

#9531

Reise im Norden Europa's, vorzüglich in Island: in den Jahren 1820 bis 1821. 2 vols.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1825 CE

#1736

System der psychisch-gerichtlichen Medizin, oder theoretisch-praktische Anweisung zur wissenschaftlichen Erkenntniss und gutachtlichen Darstellung der krankhaften persönlichen Zustände, welche vor Gericht in Betracht kommen.

The first important work exclusively on medico-legal aspects of insanity. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

1825 CE

#766

Wellenlehre auf Experimente gegründet oder über die Wellen tropfbarer Flüssigkeiten mit Anwendung auf die Schall- und Lichtwellen.

The first work to apply hydrodynamics to the circulation of the blood.

1826 CE

#1257

Zur vergleichenden Physiologie des Gesichtssinnes des Menschen und der Thiere.

Includes Müller’s law of specific nerve energies. For an English translation, see his Elements of physiology, transl. W. Baly, London, 1838, vol. 1, pp. 766-67. Includes (p. 73) his explanation of the color…

1826 CE–1840 CE

#599

Die Physiologie als Erfahrungswissenschaft. Edited by Karl Friedrich Burdach. 6 vols.

Burdach’s great textbook of physiology was planned to run to 10 vols., but the death of his wife quenched his enthusiasm for the task. Parts of the text were written by von Baer, Rathke, Johannes Müller, R.…

1827 CE

#477

De ovi mammalium et hominis genesi.

Announces Baer’s discovery of the mammalian ovum, the culmination of a search begun by scientists at least as early as the work of de Graaf in the 17th century (No. 1209). The pamphlet was reprinted in facsimile…

1827 CE

#14285

Der Leichnam des Menschen in seinen physischen Verwandlungen nach Beobachtungen und Versuchen.

The human corpse in its physical transformations according to observations and experiments.

1828 CE

#12937

De foetu humano: Adnotationes anatomicae quibus praemissis viro perillustri Samueli Thomae de Soemmerring ... doctoratus in medicina impetrati semisaecularia gratulatur Universitas Literarum Regiomontana. Interprete Carlo Friderico Burdach.

Reproduction of a drawing by Soemmerring of the first stages of embryonic development visible with the naked eye, with a note by Burdach. Digital facsimile from Bayerische StaatsBibliothek at this link.

1828 CE

#6753

Handbuch der Bücherkunde für die ältere Medizin zur Kenntniss der griechischen, lateinischen und arabischen Schriften im ärztlichen Fache und zur bibliographischen Unterscheidung ihrer verschiedenen Ausgaben, Uebersetzungen und Erläuterungen.

This check list of printed works of the older medical writers underwent a second edition in 1841, which was reprinted in 1911, 1926 and 1956. Digital facsimile of the 1841 edition from Google Books at this link.