Facets

2000 CE

#12328

Tuskegee's truths: Rethinking the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. Edited by Susan M. Reverby.

1777 CE

#10347

Two essays. [Essay I. Of suicide]

Of suicide, "probably the most widely read and most influential philosophical treatment of suicide written in modern times," was written in 1755 and originally intended to be published as one of five essays, including…

1903 CE

#241.1

Über mehrpolige Mitosen als Mittel zur Analyse des Zellkerns.

Boveri’s experiments, involving multipolar mitoses in sea urchin eggs fertilized by two sperm, demonstrated that different chromosomes perform different functions in development. English translation in No. 534.3.

1901 CE

#12789

Über oligonitrophile Mikroben.

Discovery of nitrogen fixation, the process by which diatomic nitrogen gas is converted to ammonium ions and becomes available to plants. Bacteria perform nitrogen fixation, dwelling inside root nodules of certain pla…

1883 CE

#229

Überdie Bedeutungder Kerntheilungsfiguren.

Roux investigated why the nucleus undergoes the precise division of mitosis while the rest of the cell undergoes a rather crude division when one cell splits into two. He argued that mitosis ensures a precise halving …

1853 CE

#2450

Ueber Cestoden im allgemeinen und die des Menschen insbesondere, hauptsächlich mit Berücksichtigung ihrer Entwickelungsgeschichte, geographischen Verbreitung, Prophylaxe und Abtreibung; für Freunde der Naturwissenschaften, Aerzte, Medicinalpolizei-Beamte, Staats- und Privat-Oekonomen.

Kuchenmeister conducted research on tapeworms, trichinosis, and other parasites and wrote about it several works. In 1852, his theory that bladder-worms are juvenile tapeworms gained the attention of the medical profe…

1833 CE

#9668

Ueber das Gift der Fische: mit vergleichender Berücksichtigung des Giftes von Muscheln, Käse, Gehirn, Fleisch, Fett und Würsten, so wie der sogenannten mechanischen Gifte.

Discusses all then known posionsous and venomous fishes, including freshwater and marine species, and includes a "thorough review of practically all the early literature on poisonous and venomous fishes, a list of all…

1896 CE

#13046

Ueber den Einfluss des atmosphärischen Kohlensäuregehalts auf die Temperatur der Erdoberfläche.

Arrhenius used basic principles of physical chemistry to estimate the extent to which increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide are responsible for the Earth's increasing surface temperature, the "greenhouse effect."

1838 CE

#112.1

Ueber die Analogie in der Structur und dem Wachsthum der Thiere und Pflanzen.

Schwann’s three-part preliminary application of Schleiden’s “watch-glass” cell theory to the genesis of animal cells. Schleiden communicated the theory to him verbally. This paper actually pre-…

1807 CE

#199

Ueber die Bedeutung der Schädelknochen.

Oken’s vertebral theory of the skull.

1861 CE

#10039

Ueber die Beziehungen der darstellenden Kunst zur Heilkunst. Aus dem zehnten Bande der Abhandlungen der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1871 CE

#695

Ueber die chemische Zusammensetzung der Eiterzellen.

In 1869 Miescher discovered a substance which he termed nuclein (nucleoprotein), later shown to be the hereditary genetic material. He demonstrated it in pus cells. The discovery he first published in 1871. He was als…

1898 CE

#721

Ueber die Eiweissstoffe.

Kossel forecast the polypeptide nature of the protein molecule.

1849 CE

#682

Ueber die endosmotischen Aequivalent und die endosmotische Theorie.

In this development of his theory of urinary secretion (see No. 1232) Ludwig made important observations on endosmosis.

1935 CE

#254.1

Ueber die Natur der Genmutation und der Genstruktur.

This paper is divided into four sections. The first, by Timofeev-Ressovskij, describes the mutagenic effects of x-rays and gamma rays on Drosophila melanogaster; the second part, by Zimmer, analyzes Timofeev-Ressovski…

1893 CE

#719

Ueber die Nucleinsaure.

See No. 702.

1918 CE

#9986

Ueber die Pharmaka in der Ilias und Odyssee.

Medicines and poisons in the Iliad and Odyssey.

1865 CE

#1224

Ueber die Samenkörperchen und ihre Entwicklung.

Proof that the spermatozöon possesses a nucleus and cytoplasm.

1835 CE

#14133

Ueber die Vermehrung der Pflanzen-Zellen durch Theilung. Eine Inaugural-Dissertation welche zur Erlangung der Doctor-Würde in der Medicin und Chirurgie welche / unter dem Präsidium von Hugo Mohl; vorlegt August Wilhelm Winter.

In his doctoral thesis Mohl reported his discovery of the multiplication of cells by division, later known as mitosis. Digital facsimile from Bayerische StaatsBibliothek at this link.

1878 CE

#228.1

Ueber die Vortheile der Mimicry bei Schmetterlingen.

Bates’s theory of mimicry did not account for the superficial resemblances between two or more unpalatable species. Müller explained such mimicry, known today as “Müllerian mimicry”. A pred…

1852 CE

#116

Ueber extracelluläre Entstehung thierischer Zellen und über die Vermehrung derselben durch Theilung.

Remak was the first to point out that growth of new tissues was accomplished by the division of pre-existing cells.

1861 CE

#117

Ueber Muskelkörperchen und das, was man eine Zelle zu nennen habe.

Schultze showed the cell to be a clump of nucleated protoplasm, stating that each muscle fibre or primitive muscle bundle was developed from a single myoblast by successive divisions of its cell or nucleus. His work s…

1889 CE

#713

Ueber Nucleinsäuren.

Atlmann coined the term "nucleic acid", replacing Friedrich Miescher's term "nuclein" when it was demonstrated that nuclein was acidic.

1880 CE

#123

Ueber Zellbildung und Zelltheilung. 3te. Aufl.

A pioneer work on the formation and division of cells. In this third edition Strasburger established one of the principles of modern cytology, i.e., that independent cell formation does not occur but that fresh nuclei…

1989 CE

#8392

Un traité égyptien d’ophiologie - Papyrus du Brooklyn Museum nos 47.218.48 et 85. Cairo: Institut français d'archéologie orientale.

Dating from about 450 BCE, this papyrus concerns snakes and the treatments for snake bites, and also the treatment of scorpion bites and spider bites.

2022 CE

#14150

Under the skin: The hidden toll of racism on American lives and on the health of our nation.

"In 2018, Linda Villarosa's New York Times Magazine article on maternal and infant mortality among black mothers and babies in America caused an awakening. Hundreds of studies had previously established a link between…

2003 CE

#7057

Unequal treatment: Confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care. Edited by B. D. Smedley, A. Y. Stith, and A. R. Nelson.

"Congress, in 1999, requested an IOM study to assess the extent of disparities in the types and quality of health services received by U.S. racial and ethnic minorities and non-minorities; explore factors that may con…

2007 CE

#10250

United States Army aeromedical support to African American fliers, 1941-1949: The Tuskegee flight surgeons.

Digital facsimile from airforemedicine.af.mil at this link.

1891 CE

#517.1

Untersuchungen über den ersten Entwicklungsvorgänge in den Eiern der Insekten. II. Ueber Spermatogenese und deren Beziehung zur Eientwicklung bei Pyrrhocoris apterus.

In his study of the testicles of the firebug (Pyrrhocoris) Henking noticed that one chromosome did not take part in meiosis. He named this X element because its strange behavior made him unsure whether it was genuinel…

1860 CE

#534.62

Untersuchungen über die Entstehung der Missbildungen Zunächst in den Eiem der Vögel.

The first monograph on experimental teratology.

1884 CE–1890 CE

#555

Untersuchungen zur Morphologie und Physiologie der Zelle.

1888 CE

#9328

Untersuchungen zur Morphologie und Systematik der Vögel, zugleich ein Beitrag zur Anatomie der Stütz- und Bewegungsorgane. 2 vols.

Fürbringer specialized in avian morphology and classification; he undertook the first major phylogenetic ordering of bird groups based on a large scale study of skeletal, morphological and anatomical characterist…

1992 CE

#14009

Unusual resistance to peptidyl transferase to protein extraction procedures.

Noller demonstrated that the ribosome is a ribozyme, a critical step in understanding how ribosomes translate the genetic information in DNA into the language of proteins.

2021 CE

#13373

Up against the wall: Art, activism, and the AIDS poster. Edited by Donald Albrecht and Jessica Lacher-Feldman. Medical and consulting editor William M. Valenti.

Documents the power and impact of nearly 200 examples of AIDS posters from around the world and the social activism that continues to bring awareness to a disease without vaccine or a cure. Selected from the 8000 post…

2016 CE

#10421

Vanishing America: Species extinction racial peril, and the origins of conservation.

"Nineteenth-century citizens of European descent widely believed that Native Americans would eventually vanish from the continent. Indian society was thought to be tied to the wilderness, and the manifest destiny of U…

1926 CE

#145.64

Variazioni e fluttuazioni del numero d’individui in specie animali conviventi.

The mathematician Volterra created the basic equations for two species interactions. Abridged English translation as appendix to R. Chapman, Animal ecology, New York, 1931.

1773 CE–1774 CE

#11779

Vermium terrestrium et fluviatilium, seu animalium infusoriorum, helminthecorum, et testaceorum non marinorum, succincta historia. 2 vols.

In this work Müller arranged the Infusoria into genera and species for the first time. Digital facsimile from the Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.

1491 CE

#6314

Versehung des Leibs.

Written in 1429, this didactic poem is the first known text to be devoted to the normal physiology and common illnesses of children. It was written in old Swabian, and its author was a monk. The poem was probably inte…

1896 CE

#10607

Versuche über Photographie mittelst der Röntgen’schen Strahlen.

"Eder was the director of an institute for graphic processes and the author of an early history of photography. With the photochemist Valenta, he produced a portfolio in January 1896, less than a month after Wilhelm C…

1771 CE

#6604.9

Verzeichnis einer Samlung von Bildnissen, gröstentheils berühmter Aerzte; so wohl in Kupferstichen, schwarzer Kunst und Holzschnitten, als auch in einigen Handzeichungen: diesem sin verschiedene Nachrichten und Unmerkungen Vorgesekt, die so wohl zur Geschichte der Arzenengelahrtheit; als vornehinsich zur Geschichte der Künste gehören.

“Very valuable reports on artistic anatomy and the history of anatomic illustration” (Choulant). Probably represents the first history of medical portraiture. Digital facsimile from Googe Books at this link.

1844 CE–1845 CE

#218

Vestiges of the natural history of creation. And: Explanations: A sequel to “Vestiges….” 2 vols.

This outspoken statement of a belief in evolution, published anonymously to protect Chambers’s reputation as a publisher, anticipated Darwin’s Origin by 16 years and generally prepared the public for Darwi…

1997 CE

#7457

Viable offspring derived from fetal and adult mammalian cells.

Cloning of the lamb Dolly, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell. Her birth established that the nuclei of at least some adult cells can be used to produce sheep or other animals that are genetically identi…

2003 CE

#12059

Victorian detective fiction: The scientific investigations of Poe, Dickens, and Doyle.

c. 512 CE

#6816

Vienna Dioscorides. Codex Vindobonensis Med. Gr. 1.

The oldest surviving copy of Pedanius Dioscorides's treatise on medical botany and pharmacology, De materia medica, is an illuminated Byzantine manuscript produced about 512 CE. Dioscorides, a Greek physician, who may…

1528 CE

#149

Vier Bücher von menschlicher Proportion.

Written, designed, and illustrated by Dürer, this work is notable for its extraordinary series of anthropometrical woodcuts. The first two books deal with the proper proportions of the human form; the third chang…

1996 CE

#6985

Views of the cell. A pictorial history.

Sixty images (reproduced in color where appropriate) with detailed commentary and bibliographical references, arranged in chronological order, from the first images viewed through the microscope to electron micrographs.

1970 CE

#2660.22

Viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase: RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in virions of RNA tumour viruses.

In 1970 Baltimore and Temin discovered that certain viruses that have their genes in the form of RNA can copy the RNA "backward" into DNA in infected cells. The enyzme, reverse transcriptase, enables the manufacture o…

1992 CE

#10821

Vital signs: Medical realism in 19th-century fiction.

1772 CE

#154

Von der Physiognomik.

Lavater was the last of the descriptive physiognomists. He expanded the above work into Physiognomische Fragmente zur Beförderung der Menschenkenntnis und Menschenliebe, 1775-78. This was translated into English …

1837 CE

#674

Vorlaüfige Mittheilung betreffend Versuche über die Weingährung und Fäulniss.

Proof that putrefaction is produced by living bodies. Independently of Cagniard-Latour, Schwann discovered the yeast cell. He is regarded as the founder of the germ theory of putrefaction and fermentation.