Facets

1684 CE

#2464.1

An abstract of a letter…Sep. 17, 1683. Containing some microscopical observations, about animals in the scurf of the teeth.

Records discovery of bacteria in the mouth, with the first illustrations of the basic types – what were much later called cocci (round or oval), bacilli (rod-shaped) and spiriillum (spiral) forms. Although Leeuw…

1998 CE

#10332

An alternative Path: The making and remaking of Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital.

"When Hahnemann Medical College was founded in Philadelphia in 1848, it was the only institution in the world to offer an M. D. degree in homeopathy, a therapeutic and intellectual alternative to orthodox medicine. Th…

1977 CE

#11043

An amazing sequence arrangement at the 5' ends of adenovirus 2 messenger RNA.

Discovery of introns. In 1993 Roberts shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Phillip A. Sharp "for their discoveries of split genes." It was frequently suggested that Chow deserved a share of that prize…

1944 CE

#8385

An American dilemma: The Negro problem and modern democracy. By Gunnar Myrdal with the assistance of Richard Sterner and Arnold Rose.

Includes considerable anthropological, biological, and health data. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

2000 CE–2002 CE

#8081

An American health dilemma: A medical history of African Americans and the problem of race. Vol. 1: Beginnings to 1900. Vol. 2: Race, medicine and health care in the United States 1900-2000.

2001 CE–2008 CE

#7524

An annotated catalogue of the Edward C. Atwater collection of American popular medicine and health reform. 3 vols.

1835 CE

#12869

An essay on artifical teeth, obturators, & palates; with the principles for their construction and application: Illustrated by twenty-six cases and twenty-one plates.

In this work "Koecker was the first English writer to describe corectly the principle upon which artifical teeth should be applied and constructed" (Thorpe, Biographies of pioneer American dentists and their successor…

1787 CE

#156.1

An essay on the causes of the variety of complexion and figure in the human species.

In the first significant anthropological work produced in America, Smith argued that racial differences were produced by environment, contradicting the prevalent theories of separate creations of discrete and differen…

1798 CE

#1693

An essay on the principle of population, as it affects the future improvement of society.

Malthus laid down the principle that populations increase in geometrical ratio, but that subsistence increases only in arithmetical ratio. He argued that a stage is reached where increase of populations must be limite…

1748 CE

#6322

An essay upon nursing, and the management of children, from their birth to three years of age.

Cadogan’s famous essay laid down rules on the nursing, feeding, and clothing of infants, and filled a great need at a time when infant welfare was much neglected through the ignorance of those concerned. As a re…

1726 CE

#5415

An historical account of the small-pox inoculated in New-England, upon all sorts of persons, whites, blacks, and of all ages and constitutions: With some account of the nature of the infection in the natural and inoculated way, and their different effects on human bodies; with some short directions to the unexperienced in this method of practice .

Boylston was the first in America to inoculate for smallpox, at Boston on 26 June 1721. "During a smallpox outbreak in 1721 in Boston, he inoculated about 248 people[5] by applying pus from a smallpox sore to a small …

2015 CE

#10119

An illustrated history of health and fitness, from pre-History to our post-modern world.

1077 pages.

2006 CE

#14048

An inconvenient truth. The planetary emergency of global warming and what we can do about it.

A politician, Gore was one of the first to draw popular attention to climate change. He supplemented the best-selling book with a film and DVD with the same title. Ten years later, recognizing that in spite of its wid…

1948 CE

#3703

An introduction to the history of dentistry. 2 vols.

The first volume covers the history to 1800; the second deals solely with the history of dentistry in America.

1922 CE–1925 CE

#3691

An investigation into the aetiology of dental caries. I: The nature of the destructive agent and the production of artificial caries. II" The biological characteristics and distribution of B. acidolphilus odontolyticus. III: Further experiments on the production of artificial caries. IV: Accessory factors in dental caries. (1) Reaction of the saliva (2) Acid resistance of teeth.(3) Bacteriotropic action of saliva.

Isolation of Lactobacillus odontolyticus I and II from carious teeth. Digital facsimile of part 1 from PubMedCentral at this link. Digital facsimile of part 4 from PubMedCentral at this link.

1742 CE

#11407

An mortis incertae signa minus incerta a chirurgicis quam ab aliis experimenti?

Between the mid-1700s and the early 1900s many physicians lost confidence in their ability to declare legal death. This phenomenon was in part sparked by Winslow, whose dissertation claimed the existence of a death-li…

1774 CE

#6451.90

An oration…containing an enquiry into the natural history of medicine among the Indians in North-America; and a comparative view of their diseases and remedies, with those of civilized nations.

Rush was the first American physician to publish a detailed study of native American medicine. Digital facsimile from the Medical Heritage Library, Internet Archive, at this link.

1968 CE

#9134

An uneasy equilibrium: Private and public financing of health service in the United States 1875-1965.

The central theme of this book is that health policy in the Unitesd States is the product of a deep ambivalence in public attitudes that on the one hand support a private, market-oriented health provision system, whil…

1689 CE

#12782

Anatome ossium novis inventis illustrata.

Gagliardi, a papal physician, fiirst described the lamellar structure of the bones. He also carried out some tests and comparative research between human and calf bones, and probably first described a case of bone tub…

1856 CE

#12319

Anatomical and surgical lectures.

A one-page advertising circular dated December 10, 1856 advertising Cooper's first course of private lectures in San Francisco. Cooper, founder of California’s (and the West Coast’s) first medical school, …

1827 CE

#12863

Anatomie comparée du système dentaire chez l'homme et chez les principaux animaux. Avec trente planches desinées d'après nature, par J. C. Werner, peintre au Muséum.

Some copies of this work were issued with hand-colored plates. The illustrator of this work, Jean-Charles Werner, was one of the most distinguished natural history artists of his time. Digital facsimile of a black & w…

1895 CE

#7408

Anatomische Forschungen über Johann Sebastian Bach's Gebeine und Anlitz nebst Bemerkungen über dessen Bilder. Abh. Sächs. Ges. Wiss., 22/5.

To authenticate the remains of Johann Sebastian Bach, Wilhelm His senior performed one of the earliest examples of scientific facial reconstructions, reconstructing the soft tissues onto a plaster cast of the skull us…

1946 CE

#8634

Ancient anodynes: Primitive anaesthesia and allied conditions.

2008 CE

#9004

Answering the call: The U.S. Army Nurse Corps, 1917-1919: A commemorative tribute to military nursing in World War I. edited by Lisa M. Budreau and Richard M. Prior.

Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.

1707 CE

#3670.1

Anthropologia nova; or, a new system of anatomy. Describing the animal oeconomy, and a short rationale of many distempers incident to human bodies.

In his preface Drake credited the surgeon, anatomist and artist, William Cowper, for valuable aid in both the text and illustrations this work. Drake also included a chapter, "Of the Nose" written by Cowper which desc…

1650 CE

#10490

Anthropometamorphosis: Man transform’d, or the artificial changeling. Historically presented, in the mad and cruel gallantry, foolish bravery, ridiculous beauty, filthy fineness, and loathesome loveliness of most Nations, fashioning & altering their bodies from the mould intended by nature. With a vindication of the regular beauty and honesty of nature, and an appendix of the pedigree of the English gallant.

Extensively illustrated treatise on varieties of body modifications, real or imagined, includes details on hair styles, tatoos, piercing, including sexual aspects. Digital facsimile of the 1653 edition from the Intern…

1654 CE

#151

Anthropometria.

Elsholtz was the first physician to study anthropometry and human proportion.

1870 CE

#171

Anthropométrie, ou mesure des différentes facultés de l’homme.

In his classification of various populations, Quetelet adopted the plan of determining the standard or typical “mean man” as a basis, using stature, weight, or complexion, etc., as a measure in each partic…

1986 CE

#3705.5

Antique dental instruments.

1501 CE

#363.3

Antropologium de ho[min]is dignitate, natura, et p[ro]prietatibus.

Includes the first illustrations of the viscera in a printed book. The four woodcuts are derived with modifications from Peyligk (No. 363.2). This work also contains the first mention ever of the word anthropology (in…

2000 CE

#13982

Architecture of RNA polymerase II and implications for the transcription mechanism.

Kornberg devoted two decades to the development of methods to visualize the atomic structure of RNA polymerase and its associated protein components. Initially, Kornberg took advantage of expertise with lipid membrane…

2009 CE

#14083

Ardipithecus ramidus and the paleobiology of early hominids.

The authors provide evidence that Ardipithecus may be the beginning of the evolutionary pathway that eventually led to hominids. This pathway was distinct from the evolutionary pathway that led to extant African apes.…

1895 CE

#14310

Argon, a new constituent of the atmosphere.

Discovery of argon, the first discovery of an inert gas. In 1904 Ramsay was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "in recognition of his services in the discovery of the inert gaseous elements in air, and his determina…

2001 CE

#12145

Aristotle on life and death

1867 CE–1872 CE

#14321

Arsenal de la chirurgie contemporaine. Description, mode d'emploi et appréciation des appareils et instruments en usage pour le diagnostic et le traitement des maladies chirurgicales, l'orthopédie, la prothèse, les opérations simples, générales, spéciales et obstétricales. 2 vols.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1476 CE

#52

Articella seu opus artis medicinae. Con: Johannitius: Isagoge ad tegni Galeni. Philaretus: De pulsibus; Theophilus Protospatharius: De urinis. Hippocrates: Aphorismi (comm: Galenus; tr: Constantinus Africanus); Prognostica (comm: Galenus); De regimine acutorum morborum (comm: Galenus; tr: Gerardus Cremonensis). Galenus: Liber Tegni, sive Ars medica (comm: Hali; tr: Gerardus Cremonensis).

A collection of Greek, Roman and Byzantine texts on medicine, written in Latin, that was mainly used as medical school textbook or reference manual between the 13th and 16th centuries. The Articella grew around a synt…

1927 CE

#251.1

Artificial transmutation of the gene.

Muller showed that radiation causes mutations that are passed on from one generation to the next. This was the first suggestion that inherited traits might be altered or controlled, and it created a sensation: “…

1530 CE

#3667

Artzney Buchlein, wider allerlei Kranckeyten und Gebrachen der Tzeen: Getzogen auss dem Galeno, Auicenna, Mesue, Cornelio Celso vnd andern mehr der Artzney Doctorn seher nützlich zu lesen.

The first book on dentistry, probably intended for the general public. The unidentified writer confined himself to extracts from the works of ancient and recent writers on the subject. The woodcut on the title page wa…

2016 CE

#10538

Ärztliches Leben und Denken im arabischen Mittelalter. Von Johann Christoph Bürgel. Bearbeitet von Fabian Käs.

"...Investigates conditions of life and professional ethics of the Arab physicians in the Middle Ages. Based on a multitude of biographical, protreptic, deontological, and isagogic texts, Bürgel analyzes diverse …

1976 CE

#8497

Asian medical systems: A comparative study, edited by Charles Leslie.

1928 CE

#194.1

Äskulap und Venus. Eine Kultur- und Sittengeschichte im Spiegel des Ärztes.

An exhaustive and well-illustrated survey of medical anthropology with emphasis on sexuality.

2008 CE

#12555

At work in the field of birth: Midwifery narratives of nature, tradition, and home.

",,, an ethnographic study of midwifery in Canada in the wake of its historic transition from the margins as a grassroots social movement devoted to low-tech, woman-centered care to a regulated profession within the p…

1869 CE

#6876

Atlas zur Pathologie der Zahne . . . Atlas to the Pathology of the Teeth [in German and English].

The first atlas of dental pathology, a "beautifully made, richly illustrated work" (Hoffmann-Axthelm, p. 399). "In these plates we find numerous anomalies of the teeth and jaw in delicate, clear drawings. . . . Occasi…

1970 CE

#12321

Australia antigen (a hepatitis-associated antigen). Purification and physical properties.

Purification of the Australia antigen and investigation of its physical properties. (Order of authorship in the original publication: Millman, Loeb, Bayer, Blumberg.) Blumberg shared the 1976 Nobel Prize in Physiology…

1925 CE

#211.1

Australopithecus africanus: The man-ape of South Africa.

First report on Dart's discovery in 1924 of the first member of the genus Australopithecus, the first hominin found in Africa. In their 150th anniversary issue published on November 4, 2019 the editors of Nature inclu…

1994 CE

#7276

Australopithecus ramidus, a new species of early hominid from Aramis, Ethiopia.

Between 1992 and 1994 White and his team discovered the first Ardipithecus ramidus fossils in the Middle Awash area of Ethiopia. They named their discovery Ardipithecus ramidus (‘ramid’ means ‘root&r…

2010 CE

#7280

Australopithecus sediba: A New Species of Homo-Like Australopith from South Africa.

Matthew Berger, the young son of Lee Berger, discovered the first specimen of Australopithecus sediba, the right clavicle of MH1, on the 15th of August in 2008. This species of Australopithecus dates to about 2 millio…

2005 CE

#14257

Autonomous function of synaptotagmin 1 in triggering synchronous release independent of asynchronous release.

Südhof is credited with discovering much of the machinery mediating neurotransmitter release and presynaptic plasticity, beginning with the discovery of symaptotagmins and their role in neurostrasmitter release f…

1979 CE

#12631

Avermectins, new family of potent anthelminthic agents, efficacy of the B1a component.

Campbell and colleagues reported unprecedented antiparasitic effects of the agent in vivo, and that the "B1a" component of the molecule was most effective as a single oral dose. (Order of authorship in the original pu…

1979 CE

#12630

Avermectins, new family of potent anthelmintic agents: Producing organism and fermentation.

The authors, lead by Omura, announced the discovery of Streptomyces avermilitis. They described the structure of avermectin, and reported preliminary observations that this drug is antiparasitic. (Order of authorship …