Regulation of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase activity in human fibroblasts by lipoproteins.

Goldstein and Brown discovered that human cells have low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors that remove cholesterol from the blood and that when LDL receptors are not present in sufficient numbers, individuals develop hypercholesterolemia and become at risk for cholesterol related diseases, notably coronary heart disease. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.

In 1985 Brown and Goldstein shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine “for their discoveries concerning the regulation of cholesterol metabolism.”

See Goldstein & Brown, "History of discovery: The LDL receptor," Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 29,  2009, 431–438. Full text from PubMedCentral at this link.