Clinical aspects of immunology.

Gell-Coombs classification of hypersensitivity. Prior to development of this classification, all forms of hypersensitivity were classified as allergies, "and all were thought to be caused by an improper activation of the immune system. Later, it became clear that several different disease mechanisms were implicated, with the common link to a disordered activation of the immune system. In 1963, a new classification scheme was designed by Philip Gell and Robin Coombs that described four types of hypersensitivity reactions, known as Type I to Type IV hypersensitivity. With this new classification, the word "allergy" was restricted to type I hypersensitivities (also called immediate hypersensitivity), which are characterized as rapidly developing reactions" (Wikipedia article on Allergy, accessed 01-2017).