Die Aetiologie der Tuberkulose.

Discovery of the tubercle bacillus announced March 24, 1882. This paper also contains a statement of “Koch’s postulates”. See also Nos. 2536 and 5167. Koch published a fuller account as "Die Aetiologie der Tuberkulose," Mitt. k. Gesundh. Amte,  2 (1884) 1-88, in which he reported how he had succeeded in producing experimental tuberculosis in animals after cultivating the bacillus. Historian of bacteriology Thomas Brock stated that the 1884 paper "announced what became known as Koch's postulates." Reprinted with translation in Med. Classics, 1938, 2, 821-80. 

In 1905 Koch was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discoveries and investigations related to tuberculosis."

In 2019 Juan Weiss pointed out that on p. 225 of this work Koch published the first reference to the discovery of Agar, without crediting its discoverer, Walther Hesse, an assistant who worked in Koch's laboratory at the time.