A report on hospital gangrene, eryipelas and pyaemia, as observed in the departments of the Ohio and the Cumberland, with cases appended. Published by permission of the Surgeon General U.S.A.

Middleton, surgeon in the U.S. Volunteers, recommended the placement of volatile bromine in all patient wards. He developed a method of applying bromine deep into muscular layers after wound debridement then injecting bromine subcutaneously and applying it topically to exposed surfaces. A second application was only applied in cases where the gangrene odor returned. Through this process Goldsmith achieved a mortality of 2.6 percent for those treated with bromine, as against 43.3 percent with those treated by other methods.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.